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Introduction
Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common surgical procedure for patients with severe knee arthritis or injury, designed to relieve pain and restore function. Post-operative physiotherapy is crucial for a successful recovery, ensuring optimal outcomes and enabling patients to return to their daily activities. In particular, rehabilitation protocols, with early postoperative ambulation, are highly effective, which leads to shorter postoperative hospital stays and lower analgesic intake.
If you are looking for physiotherapy in Petaling Jaya for your post TKR rehabilitation, look for the nearest Synapse Physiotherapy to you and our expert physiotherapist will be able to help you return to your best form!
A knee replacement also known as a knee arthroplasty is one of the most successful surgeries performed throughout the world, however understanding that each part of the recovery process that comes after the surgery is very important for you to reach your goal of a well-functioning knee even after 15 years of post-surgery. Typically, a knee replacement surgery takes about 13 weeks to recover. However, the recovery timeline is dependent on a lot of factors such as type(s) of procedure, limiting complications, and being consistent with your doctor and physiotherapy visits. Even after 13 weeks, it is highly recommended that you continue with your rehabilitation program to further strengthen your knee and achieve full recovery.
This article delves into the importance of physiotherapy after TKR, what not to do after knee replacement surgery, outlining the stages of rehabilitation, common exercises, and tips for maximising recovery.
The Importance of Physiotherapy Post-TKR
- Enhanced Recovery: Physiotherapy accelerates the healing process, helping to reduce pain and swelling while improving mobility.
- Strength and Stability: Targeted exercises strengthen the muscles around the knee, providing better support and stability.
- Improved Range of Motion: Early mobilisation and specific exercises help regain the knee’s range of motion, crucial for everyday activities.
- Preventing Complications: Regular physiotherapy can prevent complications such as blood clots, joint stiffness, and muscle atrophy.
- Boosting Confidence: Structured physiotherapy programs can enhance patients’ confidence in using their new knee, promoting a quicker return to normal life.
What not to do after knee replacement surgery
- Do not skip your physiotherapy sessions and knee exercises.
Rehabilitation exercises provided to you will play a key part when recovering from a knee replacement. Staying mobile in the weeks and months after surgery will help you to recover faster and improve mobility as well as range of motion in the affected joint.
- Do not ignore professional advice.
Follow the advice of your orthopaedic surgeon and your physiotherapist for the best chance of a full recovery as they are professionals in this field of healthcare.
- Do not do too much too soon.
Healing and recovery takes time and everyone progresses at a different rate. Overexerting yourself too soon can prolong your recovery and lead to unnecessary pain and discomfort. Work with your physiotherapist and follow the timeline of your recovery plan.
- Do not avoid using walking aids or assistive devices during your recovery.
Assistive devices such as walking frames, crutches and walking sticks are designed to support you during your recovery. These devices are designed to take some of the pressure off your knee, helping you to balance and walk with more confidence.
- Do not use a pillow under your knee in bed.
Placing a pillow under your knee may feel comfortable however this position will cause your knee to bend. This will cause excessive stress on the joint replacement and may cause contractures to happen. Ideally, you need to keep your knee as straight as possible while sleeping.
- Do not forget proper wound care and medication.
Proper education on wound care is essential in order to avoid infection and complications that could delay recovery. You need to follow instructions given by your medical provider on how to care for your wound and how to keep it clean and take any medication that has been prescribed to you.
Stages of Rehabilitation
A. Immediate Post-Operative Phase (0-2 weeks)
- Goals: Pain management, reduction of swelling, and commencement of easier exercises.
- Exercises:
- Ankle Pumps: To promote circulation and prevent blood clots.
- Quad Sets: Isometric exercises to activate the quadriceps.
- Heel Slides: Gentle bending and straightening of the knee to improve range of motion.
- Techniques:
- Cryotherapy (ice application) to reduce swelling and pain.
- Elevation of the leg to control swelling.
B. Early Recovery Phase (2-6 weeks)
- Goals: Increase range of motion, improve strength, and enhance walking ability.
- Exercises:
- Straight Leg Raises: To strengthen the quadriceps without bending the knee.
- Knee Bends: To improve flexibility and motion.
- Seated Marching: To promote knee and hip mobility.
- Techniques:
- Continued use of cryotherapy as needed.
- Gradual increase in weight-bearing activities.
C. Intermediate Recovery Phase (6-12 weeks)
- Goals: Further improve strength, range of motion, and functional mobility.
- Exercises:
- Mini Squats: To strengthen the lower body.
- Stationary Cycling: To enhance cardiovascular fitness and knee motion.
- Step-Ups: To improve balance and leg strength.
- Techniques:
- Gait training to improve walking patterns.
- Use of resistance bands for progressive strengthening.
D. Advanced Recovery Phase (3-6 months)
- Goals: Achieve full functional recovery and return to normal activities.
- Exercises:
- Lunges: To enhance lower body strength and stability.
- Balance Exercises: To improve proprioception and prevent falls.
- Advanced Strength Training: Using weights or resistance machines.
- Techniques:
- Functional training tailored to the patient’s lifestyle and goals.
- Continued cardiovascular exercises such as swimming or cycling.
Tips for Maximising Recovery
- Adherence to Physiotherapy Program: Consistency is key; follow the prescribed exercises and attend all physiotherapy sessions.
- Pain Management: Use prescribed pain medications and non-pharmacological methods like ice and elevation to manage discomfort.
- Healthy Diet: Maintain a balanced diet rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals to support healing.
- Stay Active: Incorporate gentle activities like walking into your daily routine to promote circulation and mobility.
- Regular Follow-Up: Attend all follow-up appointments with your surgeon and physiotherapist to monitor progress and make necessary adjustments.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Physiotherapy is crucial for restoring mobility, reducing pain, and improving strength and flexibility after a total knee replacement.
Physiotherapy typically begins within 24 hours after surgery to promote early movement and prevent complications.
Exercises may include range-of-motion activities, strengthening exercises, walking, and balance training to enhance recovery.
The duration of physiotherapy varies but generally lasts for several weeks to a few months, depending on individual progress and goals.
Yes, physiotherapy can help manage and reduce pain through targeted exercises, manual therapy, and modalities like ice and heat.
Conclusion
Physiotherapy is an indispensable component of recovery after a total knee replacement. Through structured and progressive rehabilitation, patients can achieve significant improvements in pain relief, mobility, and overall quality of life. By understanding the stages of rehabilitation and committing to a comprehensive physiotherapy program, patients can maximise their recovery and enjoy the benefits of their new knee joint.
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